Kembang Somba/Kesumba Keling (Bixa orellana)

Bixin and norbixin are the main types of carotenoids that provide a deep red–orange color and have high stability. In addition, tocotrienols—a more potent form of vitamin E compared to regular tocopherols—act as superior antioxidants. Sesquiterpene compounds found in the leaves and seeds also play an important role due to their antimicrobial activity. Moreover, tannins and saponins contribute as wound-healing agents and possess anti-inflammatory effects.

This natural dye is known as a premium natural colorant (additive code E160b) and is considered the gold standard in the food and cosmetic industries because it can replace risk-prone synthetic dyes. In addition, its bixin content functions as a natural protector against ultraviolet radiation, helping to prevent premature skin aging. Its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties also make it effective in accelerating wound healing and reducing skin irritation. Furthermore, its high tocotrienol levels make it a super antioxidant capable of neutralizing free radicals and protecting the integrity of body cells.