Godhong delima (Punica granatum)

The leaves contain several important bioactive compounds. Tannins, such as punicalin and punicalagin, are the dominant compounds, providing astringent properties that tighten tissues and inhibit excessive fluid secretion. Flavonoids, including apigenin and luteolin, are powerful antioxidants with anti-inflammatory activity and neuroprotective effects. Ellagic acid is a phenolic compound that has been shown to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria while also exhibiting anti-cancer effects. Piperidine alkaloids are present in lower amounts compared to the root or stem bark, but still provide mild antimicrobial activity.

Pomegranate leaf decoction has a variety of health benefits. Its antibacterial and astringent properties make it effective as a mouthwash for treating canker sores, bleeding gums, and soothing sore throats. Pomegranate leaves are also useful as an anti-diarrheal and anti-dysentery remedy, as they help firm loose stools and kill bacteria that cause intestinal infections, such as E. coli, although their effect is milder compared to the fruit peel. Modern studies show that pomegranate leaf extract may aid in weight management by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity, reducing the amount of fat absorbed from food. Traditionally, sterile pomegranate leaf decoction is also used to cleanse red or mildly irritated eyes (conjunctivitis) due to its anti-inflammatory properties.