Oyod dlimo (Punica granatum Radix)

Pomegranate root bark contains several important bioactive compounds. Piperidine alkaloids, including pelletierine and isopelletierine, are the main compounds responsible for its anthelmintic effects, toxic to parasites, but can be neurotoxic to humans if consumed in high doses. Ellagitannins, particularly punicalagin, are present at high concentrations of up to 20%, providing strong astringent properties. Calcium oxalate occurs as mineral crystals within the root tissue, while friedelin and betulinic acid, triterpenoid compounds, exhibit anti-inflammatory activity.

Pomegranate root bark has a range of traditional and pharmacological benefits. As a tapeworm remedy, pelletierine compounds work by paralyzing the worm’s nervous system, causing it to lose its grip on the intestinal wall so it can be expelled through a laxative. Its astringent tannins also make the root bark effective for treating acute diarrhea by constricting the intestinal mucosa and firming stools, although its use is limited to severe diarrhea or dysentery cases. Additionally, pomegranate root bark has intestinal antimicrobial properties, capable of killing various pathogenic bacteria and amoebas that cause digestive infections. Decoctions of the root bark in low doses are sometimes used as a mouthwash to relieve toothache and tighten swollen gums.